A research team led by QI Shi from the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources (NIEER) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has investigated the relationship between groundwater nitrate concentration and groundwater recharge process the oasis of the Tengger Desert hinterland. 

The study was published in Environmental Science and Pollution Research on Aug. 18. 

The researchers found that groundwater irrigation leakage is an important source of groundwater recharge in Dengmaying Basin (DMYB) of the Tengger Desert, with the proportion of recharge reaching 30.3%.  

They obtained the distributions of groundwater nitrate concentration in DMYB in 2006 and 2020. Nitrate levels in groundwater in DMYB increased from 2006 to 2020, as large-scale farm cropland continued to increase in western regions, and anthropogenic effects on nitrate concentration in groundwater exceed natural effects. 

Moreover, the results of source apportionment of groundwater nitrates revealed that NH4⁺ fertilizer, NO3^- fertilizer, sewage, and manure are the major contributors to groundwater nitrates in DMYB. 

"This study provides a new perspective on groundwater recharge and groundwater nitrate pollution in desert hinterland oases, as well as scientific basis for water environment protection in areas of shortage of water resources," said QI.