Based on the monitoring data of moisture and temperature along the National Road 109 in Qinghai Province, the changes and induced causes of temperatures and moistures at different positions of an embankment under the action of external climate conditions were systematically analyzed. The change rates and induced causes of moistures for the traditional gravel embankment and the crushed rock mat embankment with waterproof geotextile were discussed. Further more, the effects of these differences on the frost heaving of embankment were also analyzed. It is found that the rushed rock mat embankment with waterproof geotextile is better than the traditional gravel embankment for preventing frost heaving and boiling of embankment in seasonally frozen soil regions, even that there are top-down migration of ground surface water, and soil moisture migration under winter negative temperature gradient and capillary action from the bottom to promote the migration of the soil water.