Hydrologicprocesses of glacier, snow, frozen soil, groundwater, surface water and precipitation have always been the common concern of hydrologists. The purpose of this study is to identify the hydrologicprocesses in differentlandscapezones, based on the isotopic and hydrochemical analysis of glacier, snow, frozen soil and groundwater. The chemical compositions were characterized by Ca–HCO₃ in the glacier snow zone, Mg–Ca–SO₄–HCO₃ in the alpinecold desert zone, Ca–Mg–HCO₃ in the marsh meadow zone, Ca–Mg–HCO₃ in the alpine shrub zone, and Na–Ca–SO₄ in the mountain grassland zone. The end-member mixing model was employed for hydrograph separation. The results showed that during the meltingperiodMafengouRiver water was recharged by glacier–snow melt water about 34%, thawed frozen soil water in each of the landscapezones about 12%, and groundwater about 54%. This study suggested that MafengouRiver water during the meltingperiod was mainly recharged by glacier–snow melt water, groundwater and thawed frozen soil water.

Download